The M60 has been adopted by various military agencies around the world, it also has been updated and modernized throughout the years to meet modern military requirements. For inspiration, the designers looked to a former enemy. The design is based on the Nazi German FG-42 and MG42 machine guns, although it has very different characteristics than both weapons. As a result, the M240 was declared the winner and accepted into infantry service. The variant depicted in-game is the M60E6 variant. Share. But there was a special version: the M60A2, which is commonly known under its nickname “Starship.” The M60A2 is, much like Sheridan, equipped with a 152mm gun that can fire guided missiles. Externally, it looks somewhat like the M60E3, but it has many internal changes and improvements that modernize the effectiveness and reliability of this weapon. The result was insufficient gas power to operate the action after lengthy periods of fire, a situation only remedied by a full field strip of the weapon and cleaning the gas system with solvent and pipe cleaners, virtually impossible in a combat environment. 3-22.68, MCWP 3–15.1 United States Marine Corps: "Machine Guns and Machine Gun Gunnery", Imagenes de UNOPES, GEO,FES,BFP y marinos de la armada de México, US Army manual: Operator's Manual For M60, M122, M60D, Machinegun, 7.62mm, M60, Operation and Cycle of Functioning, "New Life for a Combat Classic: US Ordnance MK43 Mod 1 Machine Gun", AGM-84H/K Standoff Land Attack Missile - Expanded Response, AGM-86B/C/D Air-Launched Cruise Missile (ALCM), AGM-88A/B/C High-speed Anti-radiation Missile (HARM), AGM-114 Hellfire Air-to-Surface Missile (ASM), AGM-158 Joint Air-to-Surface Stand-off Missile (JASSM), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=M60_machine_gun&oldid=1017235380, Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1957, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from April 2021, All articles needing additional references, Articles needing additional references from July 2009, Articles needing additional references from February 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2013, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from August 2019, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from March 2019, Articles with incomplete citations from March 2019, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from March 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Short barrel: weight: 22.5 lb (10.2 kg); length: 37.7 in (95.8 cm), Long barrel: weight: 23.1 lb (10.5 kg); length: 42.4 in (108 cm), Assault barrel: weight: 21.3 lb (9.66 kg); length: 37.0 in (94.0 cm), This page was last edited on 11 April 2021, at 16:59. It was designed after World War 2 to replace the BAR and M1919. While the M1919 required much machining for its large, recoil-operated internal mechanisms, the M60's stamped sheet receiver had a gas-operated, carrier-cammed bolt mechanism; the same type of mechanism was used on the Lewis machine gun. American soldiers loved it and hated it. The M60E3 was fielded c. 1986 in an attempt to remedy problems with earlier versions of the M60 for infantry use. When these features were put together in a full-auto only, a gas-operated, air-cooled, belt-fed, automatic machine gun that fired from the open-bolt position and chambered in 7.62x51mm NATO, it was at first called the T161E3. United States Marine Corps doctrine holds that the M60 and other weapons in its class are capable of suppressive fire on area targets out to 1,500 meters if the gunner is sufficiently skilled. The story of the M60 begins right after the end of WWII. Military users of the Gatling gun picked up nicknames based on the gun: _ Brigadier General John Henry Parker became known as "Gatling Gun Parker" in the Spanish-American War. Promoted Content. Its rate of fire of around 500–650 rounds per minute (RPM)[25] is significantly less than the M/62's 1,200 RPM, but it allows for better control, greater accuracy, more conservation of ammunition, more versatile firing positions, and less risk of collateral damage from losing control while shooting. The M60B was a short-lived variant designed to be fired from helicopters, with limited deployment made in the 1960s and 1970s. Early M60s also had driving-spring guides and operating rods that were too thin, and gas pistons that were too narrow behind the piston head (part of an attempt to save weight), leading to problems with breakages. “The M-60 was great to carry, having good ergonomics and the sling swivels mounted properly,” Tim Jackson, a former M-60 gunner with the 101st Airborne Division and the 2nd Infantry Division, told War Is Boring. [10] The decision to adopt the M60 instead of foreign designs, like modified versions of the proven German MG 42 or the still-unproven FN MAG, was largely due to strict Congressional restrictions requiring preference be given to the designs of United States arms manufacturers (even if a superior design was available from foreign sources) primarily out of desire to avoid paying licensing fees, but also out of a strong bias in favor of domestic products. The U.S. The same philosophy also contributed to the rise of the assault rifle. American generals held a grudging admiration for the German MG-42, a machine gun so powerful that Wehrmacht troops nicknamed it “Hitler’s bonesaw.”. The M60E2 is used on the South Korea's K1 Type 88 tank as a co-axial weapon, along with an M60D on a pintle mount. The gun can be stripped using a live round of ammunition as a tool. The M60B's advantage over pintle-mounted variants was that it had a wider and much less restricted field of fire. The M60E4/Mk 43 series includes the Mod 0 and Mod 1 configurations. During the Vietnam War, the M60 received the nickname "The Pig" due to its size. [citation needed], Barrels are stellite lined for sustained fire and extended barrel life. Developed in the aftermath of WWII and fielded in 1957, the light and handy 7.62mm NATO caliber M60 General Purpose Machine Gun (GPMG) has been alternately praised and cursed by GIs who have carried it combat from Vietnam to Iraq and beyond. The M60D, 7.62mm, Machine Gun is a general purpose weapon capable of The final evaluation version was designated the T161E3. Several critical parts of early production M60s, such as the receiver cover and feed tray, were made from very thin sheet metal stampings and were prone to bending or breaking; sturdier parts were eventually introduced in the early 1970s. Family of American general-purpose machine guns firing 7.62×51mm NATO cartridges from a … It had a cyclic rate of 550 rounds per minute, similar to the M1919 it was replacing. It was characterized by the use of an electric solenoid to operate the trigger and a hydraulic system to charge the weapon. A new round was an opportunity to develop a new weapon. [weasel words][21][full citation needed][verification needed]. It has a cyclic rate of fire of around 500–650 rounds per minute (RPM). The German FG 42 — a paratrooper assault rifle — had equally desirable qualities, such as a gas-operated bolt that the Pentagon closely scrutinized. The M60 has served a healthy service life, eventually being replaced by the M240 Machine Gun, due to its greater reliability. This design error was recognized early in the weapon's service, but was ignored due to financial reasons; every barrel assembly in service would have needed to be replaced, and given the cost involved, the Department of Defense decided the loss in accuracy was comparatively unimportant, given the weapon's role. A canvas bag is also affixed to the gun to capture ejected casings and links, preventing them from being sucked into the rotor blades or into an engine intake. Lewis Automatic machine gun The Lewis Automatic machine gun was a light machine gun that was far more portable than the Vickers or Maxim machine guns during World War I. The model that won the competition was the T161E3. The M60, officially the United States Machine Gun, Caliber 7.62 mm, M60, is a family of American general-purpose machine guns firing 7.62×51mm NATO cartridges from a disintegrating belt of M13 links.There are several types of live ammunition approved for use in the M60, including ball, tracer, and armor-piercing rounds. The Air Force cut the barrel change times, sustained fire 100 rounds per minute change barrel every 10 minutes (M60) to five minutes (M60E3), and rapid fire 200 rounds per minute change barrel every five minutes to two minutes. Most common in U.S. use are M61 armor-piercing, M62 tracer, and M80 Ball. The M240E4 won, and was then classified as the M240B. M60 ammunition comes in a cloth bandolier containing a cardboard box of 100 pre-linked rounds. Birth control glasses (“BCGs”) U.S. Army soldiers stare at each other's glasses during field training at … This mainly changed how the gas cylinder, the barrel, and the bipod were connected; in the first iteration. There were two main barrels, a lightweight barrel and another heavier type—the former for when lighter weight was desired, and the latter for situations where more sustained fire was required. https://cherrieswriter.com/2020/04/05/the-m60-machine-gun-its-the-pig-man [13] The straight-line layout allowed the operating rod and buffer to run directly back into the buttstock and reduce the overall length of the weapon. Yet the M-60 was — and is — a fixture in the U.S. military, serving as a squad support weapon, vehicle-mounted machine gun and as a “flex gun” mounted in the doors of helicopters such as the UH-1 Huey and the CH-47 Chinook. The spring clip has been known to be prone to breakage since the first trials at Aberdeen Proving Ground. It was intended to replace the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle and M1919… [18] The humidity and mud of the jungles combined with powder fouling and grease or oil in the action of the M60 to produce severe stoppages unless it was kept dry and thoroughly cleaned with solvent after each engagement, a difficult proposition for many units. The M60 replaced the M1919A4 and M1919A6 air-cooled machine guns and the M1917A1 water-cooled machine gun, which were the standard .30-cal. World War II Didn’t Begin in 1939. It was typically employed as a door gun on helicopters or as a pintle-mounted weapon as on the Type 88 K1 tank. The M60C was adopted for use on fixed mounts on aircraft. With the lightweight bipod mounted to the receiver, the barrel can be changed without removing the bipod. The M60D was equipped on the UH-1B Huey (using the M23, XM29, M59, and the Sagami mounts), the CH-47 Chinook (using the M24 and M41 mounts) in both door and ramp locations, the ACH-47A "Guns-A-Go-Go" variant of the Chinook (using the XM32 and XM33 mounts), and on the UH-60 Black Hawk (using the M144 mount). However, many disliked the M249, as it was lacking in reliability and accuracy. The first step? They had to go through some pretty serious psychological testing. So American ordnance experts took the best Germany had to offer and developed a prototype machine gun. M60 machine gun is similar to these weapons: FN MAG, Mk 48 machine gun, M240 machine gun and more. The M60 is a gas-operated, air-cooled, belt-fed, automatic machine gun that fires from the open-bolt position and is chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO. Older M60 models can be upgraded with a conversion kit manufactured by U.S. The main difference between the standard M60 and the "C" variant is the electronic control system and the hydraulic swivel system used. [13], In the early 1990s, Saco Defense addressed Navy Special Warfare requirements to develop a retrofit parts package for the machine gun. The belt-fed MG-42 had a blinding rate of fire — qualities American weapon designers considered desirable. A U.S. Marine fires his M60 machine gun at an enemy position during the Battle of Huế in Vietnam War. John K. McDowell. Nicknamed “The Pig,” it saw service on the ground, on the water and in the air. Originally, an experimental M91 tripod was developed for the M60, but an updated M2 tripod design, which became the M122, was selected over it. The weapon still was not durable and its performance was reduced. Ordnance to the M60E4/Mk 43. Major variations include the M60E1 (an improved variant that did not enter production), the M60E2 (a variant designed to be used from fixed mounts as a co-axial for armored vehicles or in helicopter armament systems), the M60E3 (a lightweight variant) and the M60E4 (another improved variant, designated as the Mk 43 Mod 0 by the U.S. Navy). [20] A second sear notch was eventually added to the operating rod to reduce the chance of this happening. Some of its features were also incorporated into the existing M60 production. In the late 1950s, the US Army was in the process of converting their arsenal from the tried and true .30-06 round (that had gotten it through both World Wars and Korea) to the shorter and more controllable 7.62x51mm NATO cartridge. When firing blanks, the M13 or M13A1 blank-firing adaptor (BFA) is necessary in order to produce enough gas pressure to cycle the weapon with blanks. The M60E4 and Mk 43 variants in the past were roughly similar, although they are part of the same family. [11], During the Vietnam War, the M60 received the nickname "The Pig" due to its bulky size and appetite for ammunition. It was not mounted, just held, and was soon replaced by the pintle-mounted M60D. Ordnance. A common complaint was the weapon's weight; though the M60 was among the lightest 7.62 mm machine guns of the era, the weapon was poorly balanced, and thus awkward to carry for long periods. The M60E3 did remain in the Air Force as weapons converted back to M60 configuration with the E3 X-stamped via locally installed kits issued from depot. These weapons are identical to standard M60E4s, with the exception of the barrel length, and can be used either as suppressive fire or direct fire weapons. The M60, officially the United States Machine Gun, Caliber 7.62 mm, M60, is an American belt-fed machine gun firing 7.62x51mm NATO cartridges (.308 Winchester) from a disintegrating belt of M13 Links.There are several types of ammunition approved for use in the M60, including ball, tracer, and armor-piercing rounds. Promoted Content. Ordnance manufactures a conversion kit that upgrades older M60s to its M60E4/Mk 43 model. The M60D differed from the base model by employing spade grips, a different sighting system, and lacking a forearm. [16] The weapon is heavy and difficult to aim when firing without support, though the weight helps reduce the felt recoil. The M60E6 features a redesigned quick-change barrel assembly with an offset barrel handle, which is also used to carry the weapon and allows for the replacement of a hot barrel without using protective gloves. Development of the M-60 started after World War II. Ordnance's website states in their FAQ, as of 2005, that the "M60E4 and the Mk 43 are the same weapon system". It did not go into full-scale production, though many of its features were included into the later E3 and E4 variants. The M60 was even constructed with a secondary assisting firing pin spring that is used in the FG 42 in semi-automatic mode even though it is actually unnecessary in the M60, which operates only in full automatic mode. The company had charged $8,000 for a new semi-automatic M60. The Mk 43 Mod 1 adds significantly more rail attachment points to the weapon's receiver cover and handguard. The up-gunned M113 armored personnel carrier ACAV added two M60 gunners beside the main .50 caliber machine gun, and the Patrol Boat, River had one in addition to two .50 cal mounts. Ian Hogg & John Weeks. It mounts directly or adapts to all standard NATO tripod and vehicle mounts. The M60 with integral folding bipod legs weighted 8 pounds less than the BAR (Browning Automatic Rifle) and could be field stripped and reassembled in roughly half the time. No One Gets Left Behind: Refuses to leave Doc Jay and Eightball behind. “Gunpowder and hot butter.”. Perhaps no other firearm is so closely associated with the Vietnam War — or pop culture spin-offs — as the M-60 general purpose machine gun. The initial variant was officially adopted by the U.S. Army in the late 1950s, though at this time it was only intended for the infantry. Ordnance company is the current maker authorized by Saco to produce mil-spec M60s and M60 parts. Equipements vhicules b – Army Recognition", "Tại sao Việt Nam nên dùng lâu dài súng máy M60 Mỹ? ", "Persistent Instability: Armed Violence and Insecurity in South Sudan", Department of the Army Field Manual No. Unlike other models, however, the M60D normally has spade grips and an aircraft ring-type sight or similar, as well as an improved ammunition feed system. According to the operator's manual field zeroing has to be done at a known range between 300 and 700 meters (328 and 766 yd). The nomenclature M60 describes either the first adopted variant or, generically, the family of weapons were derived from it. The up-gunned M113 armored personnel carrier ACAV added two M60 gunners beside the main.50 caliber machine gun, and the Patrol Boat, River had one in addition to two.50 cal mounts and received the nickname "The Pig" due to its bulky size. From the bipod it was very controllable, even in long bursts.”. The gun's weight and the amount of ammunition it can consume when fired make it difficult for a single soldier to carry and operate. Carlos Caballero Jurado, Nigel Thomas and Simon McCouaig, AIM-120B/C Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile (AMRAAM), Learn how and when to remove this template message, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, "Army's Newest Machine Gun Shoots from the Shoulder", "M60 Machine Gun: 3 Interesting Facts to Know", http://www.usord.com/content/docs/manuals/usord_m60d_technical_manual-2.17.pdf, "Hærens nye let maskingevær (LMG) : M60 E6", http://www.army.cz/assets/files/9334/zbrane_definit.pdf, "601st Special Forces Group Official Website", https://www.armyrecognition.com/ghana_ghanaian_army_ranks_combat_uniforms/ghana_ghanaian_army_ranks_military_combat_field_uniforms_dress_grades_uniformes_combat_armee_ghana.html, "Ambassador Hale Reaffirms U.S. The M60 is a air-cooled, gas-operated... Watch this American Rifleman "At The Range" video segment above to see the M60 general-purpose machine gun being fired. The ammunition bearer carries additional ammunition and the tripod with associated traversing and elevation mechanism, if issued, and fetches more ammunition as needed during firing. The MG 42 (shortened from German: Maschinengewehr 42, or "machine gun 42") is a 7.92×57mm Mauser general-purpose machine gun designed in Nazi Germany and used extensively by the Wehrmacht and the Waffen-SS during the second half of World War II.Entering production in 1942, it was intended to supplement and replace the earlier MG 34, which was more expensive and took much longer to … It was known as the T161 before it was adopted (specifically the T161E3), and was chosen over the competing T52 during testing in the 1950s. [13], In United States Marine Corps service, concerns about the M60's reliability, weight, and the high round counts of many M60s in service prompted the adoption of the M60E3 to replace most original M60s in infantry units. When you have hundreds of bullets flying at you, your natural reaction is to keep your head down. While you’re doing that, other bad guys are moving into a position to finish you off. [19][verification needed] The M60 sometimes (depending on the version) tore off the rims from fired cartridge cases during the extraction cycle, causing a jam that required a cleaning rod to be rammed down the barrel to extract the torn cartridge, a potentially deadly procedure while under fire in combat. The M60E4/Mk 43 is effective against infantry, unarmored or lightly armored vehicles and boats. The M60 was retained in the vehicle-mounted and the general-purpose roles due to its greater power and range than the 5.56 mm M249. The U.S. Army officially adopted the T161E3 as the M60 in 1957. The M60E4/Mk 43 has higher pull for the belt, and is available in a variety of configurations. Called the M60E4, it was more reliable and durable than the M60E3, had a "duckbill" flash suppressor, and a shorter and thicker positive lock gas cylinder extension. Weapons similar to or like M60 machine gun. Portrayals of the M-60 in the hands of American soldiers range from the sublime dignity expressed by the “Three Soldiers” statue in Washington D.C., to the over-the-top destruction of the fictional town of Hope, Wash., by Sylvester Stallone’s character John Rambo in the film First Blood. In Army tests, the M60 proved fairly effective, but in the jungles of Southeast Asia it displayed a number of troubling issues. Unlike its predecessors, the M60E3 has several updated modern features. For one, no one designing the M-60 remembered to put a wire-carrying handle on the barrel. The M60 is a belt-fed machine gun that fires the 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge (similar to .308 Winchester), which is commonly used in larger rifles, such as the M14. The predictable loss of the glove under combat conditions was also a consistent problem. Duct tape and cable ties have been seen on M60s in the field, placed there by their crews in case the spring clip breaks. At the time of the M60's development, other designs, like the Belgian FN MAG and the German Rheinmetall MG 3 (MG42 derivative) had yet to enter production. During the Vietnam War the M60 … The basic design has undergone some smaller changes, and has been produced by different manufacturers. “They failed to issue us lubricant for our weapons and the little bottle I had didn’t last long, so I grabbed a bunch of butter from the chow hall and lubed the M-60 with that,” Jackson said. The M60 Machine Gun [edit | edit source]. service.[5]. There are a variety of M60 models, some that have been upgraded to the current M60E4 configuration, on the market as well, but they are heavily regulated and restricted by the National Firearms Act, and they cost over $40,000, with some models, such as a Maremont/SACO upgraded to M60E6 configuration costing as much as $65,000. On new M60s, the lever was replaced with a push button mechanism that was less likely to be accidentally released, but few of the older M60s were modified due to expense, with many of the extant weapons still bearing them. Forty-five nations — many of them NATO and East Asian allies — continue to use the M-60 as their heavy-hitting, general purpose machine gun. The guns were prone to jam. Its accurate, rapid fire earned it the nickname "The Belgian Rattlesnake." The Mk 43 machine gun currently is manufactured solely by U.S. As of 2005 it was used by the U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Navy, and some reserve units. The M60 can be accurately fired at short ranges from the shoulder thanks to its design. The M60, officially the United States Machine Gun, Caliber 7.62 mm, M60, is a family of American general-purpose machine guns firing 7.62×51mm NATO cartridges from a disintegrating belt of M13 links.There are several types of ammunition approved for use in the M60, including ball, tracer, and armor-piercing rounds.. To 2000 A.D. Write on Medium, The F-35 Is a $1.4 Trillion National Disaster, The ‘Parsley Massacre’ Is a Chilling Example of How Quickly a Genocide Can Unfold, Operation Modelhut– How a fashion icon tried to broker Nazi Germany surrender in World War II. It won against the HK121 in the Danish Army's GPMG replacement program to replace the M/62 in March 2014. This version achieved a mean time between failures of 1,669 during testing in the 1970s. The stellite superalloy barrel liner makes it possible, but the excessive heat generated by this process can quickly make the gun unusable. 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