[20][page needed], The UCR initiated impeachment proceedings against the President in February with the support of the "Rebel" Peronist faction in Congress. Yielding to pressure from labor she ignored the incomes policy aspect of the Social Pact, however, and while the economy remained otherwise stable, a price/wage spiral ensued with inflation rising from a low of 12% a year at the height of the Social Pact in May 1974 to 80% a year later. [13][page needed], Another source of contention between her and the voters was the increasing impression that José López Rega, the Minister of Social Welfare, set the agenda for a broad swath of Perón's policies, vetting nearly all domestic and foreign policy. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Fordítás. Still nominally head of Juan Perón's Justicialist Party, she played a constructive role in the talks, supporting cooperation between the restive CGT labor union (her party's political base) and Alfonsín. Isabel Perón, in full Isabel Martínez de Perón, née María Estela Martínez Cartas, (born February 4, 1931, La Rioja, Argentina), Argentine politician who served as president of Argentina in 1974–76, the world’s first woman president. Moderate military officers urged her to resign, but she stubbornly refused. She was also First Lady of Argentina, and Vice President of Argentina, both from 12 October, 1973 to 1 July, 1974, and President of the Justicialist Party, from 1 July, 1974 to 21 February, 1985. [33], The 2006 capture in Spain of Triple A death-squad overseer Rodolfo Almirón, who had also been in charge of López Rega's and Isabel Perón's personal security, shed further light on the extent of Triple A involvement in the early stages of the Dirty War. [15][page needed], Anxiety over inflation, meanwhile, continued to dominate daily life. Ez a szócikk részben vagy egészben az Isabel Martínez de Perón című német Wikipédia [17] The president's appointment of a pragmatic economist, Peronist wheelhorse Antonio Cafiero and her 13 September announcement of a leave of absence relieved ample sectors of society, from labor unions to business. These measures doubled rates and fares and ordered a surprise halving of the peso's value, which, by forcing those who could to stampede towards the U.S. dollar, destroyed the fragile financial balance that had been maintained to that point. Using contacts from among the Montoneros' many double agents, the agency kept the Born brothers in a known SIDE safehouse for nine months until their June 1975 release without public suspicion of SIDE involvement, a successful false flag operation that led to others (albeit less ambitious ones) in the following months. "[2] The Nunca Más ("Never Again") report released in 1984 by the National Commission on the Disappearance of Persons recorded 600 disappearances and 500 assassinations under the Peronist governments from 1973 to 1976, and it is acknowledged that the Triple A alone murdered some 600 people. Later that year, Perón returned to Argentina, and Cámpora resigned to allow Perón to run for president. Throughout 1974, the rise of a new and nearly-as-violent Trotskyite group, the ERP, added to the cycle of violence. As vice-president his widow formally ascended to the presidency, thus becoming the first woman in the world to hold the title of "President", although she was not the first woman to lead a country. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Meet extraordinary women who dared to bring gender equality and other issues to the forefront. https://www.thevintagenews.com/2017/12/08/isabel-martinez-de-peron Censorship also increased markedly, culminating in the closure by decree of one of the leading news dailies in Latin America (Crónica) and several other publications, as well as the banning of Argentine television figures such as talk show host Mirtha Legrand and comedian Tato Bores. Batı Yarımküresi'nin monarşik olmayan ilk kadın devlet başkanıdır.. Dansçı olduktan sonra Isabel adını kullanmaya başladı. Isabel Perón (eigentlich María Estela Martínez de Perón das de bedeutet im Spanischen Ehefrau von; * 4. However she cancelled meetings with various constituent and political groups, and the sympathy resulting from her husband's death soon dissipated. María Estela Martínez Cartas de Perón (n. 4 februarie 1931, La Rioja, Argentina, Argentina), cunoscută ca Isabel Martínez de Perón sau Isabel Perón, este o politiciană argentiniană și prima femeie care a deținut funcția de președinte al Argentinei, în perioada 1 iulie 1974 - 24 martie 1976. The Perón branch of his family was originally Spanish, but settled in Spanish Sardinia, from which his great-grandfather emigrated in the 1830s; in later life Perón would publicly express his pride in his Sardinian roots. Though there were some who desired her return and wished for her return to power, she refused to stand for election to the presidency when elections were ultimately called in 1983. Sie war Tänzerin, First Lady Argentiniens und nach Juan Peróns Tod selbst Präsidentin - bis das Militär putschte. [28] Even as the joint chiefs professed loyalty to La Presidente, the Armed Forces High Command had already given final approval to a coup, code-named 'Operation Aries', when the president returned from her leave of absence in October 1975. In 2007 an Argentine judge issued a warrant for her arrest on charges of allowing the armed forces to commit human rights abuses during her presidency. Ennen presidenttikauttaan hän oli presidentti Juan Perónin varapresidentti ja tämän kolmas puoliso, In 1981 she was convicted of corrupt practices, but she was paroled in the summer of that year and went into exile in Spain. [9][page needed] The CGT leader José Alonso became one of her main advisers in Perón's dispute against Steelworkers' leader Augusto Vandor's Popular Union faction during mid-term elections in 1965; Alonso and Vandor were both later assassinated in as-yet unexplained circumstances. Se trata de María Estela Isabel Martínez, Isabel Perón, o “Isabelita”, una antigua bailarina que había pasado la mayor parte de su vida en el extranjero (su forma de hablar así lo evidenciaba) y que como vicepresidenta se ocupó poco y nada de los deberes que la Constitución le asignó. Her government purged most leftists from university posts and the administration, and (as her husband and other Argentine presidents had done) used Federal intervention powers to unseat leftist governors. Discurso de Isabel Martinez de Perón, al pueblo, en la Plaza de Mayo, el 1 de mayo de 1975. The controversy surrounding her social welfare minister López Rega, who was forced into exile for graft and terrorist activities, did not help her situation. He chose Isabel as his nominee for the Vice Presidency to mollify feuding Peronist factions, as these could agree on no other running mate. It did not fly her to the Quinta de Olivos presidential residence but to an Air Force base in nearby Jorge Newbery International Airport, where she was formally deposed and arrested. În perioada 12 octombrie 1973 - 1 iulie 1974, a deținut funcția de vicepreședinte. Se svým budoucím manželem Perónem se setkala v Panamě, kde pracovala jako tanečnice v nočním klubu. María Estela Martínez Cartas (born 4 Februar 1931), better kent as Isabel Martínez de Perón (her mairrit name) or juist Isabel Perón, wis the 42nt Preses o Argentinae.She wis an aa the third wife o anither umwhile Preses, Juan Perón. [note 1], María Estela Martínez Cartas was born in La Rioja, Argentina, daughter of María Josefa Cartas Olguín and Carmelo Martínez. helmikuuta 1931 La Rioja, Argentiina) on argentiinalainen poliitikko, joka toimi Argentiinan presidenttinä 1. heinäkuuta 1974 – 24. maaliskuuta 1976. The November 1974 election of a left-wing union shop steward at a Villa Constitución steel mill and its disapproval by steelworkers' leader Lorenzo Miguel (a leading figure in the paramount CGT), resulted in a brutal 20 March 1975 police assault on the facility. In Spain, Perón worked to ensure, if not his return to Argentina, at least the eventual assumption of power by the millions of Peronist followers, whose memory of his regime improved with time and with the incapacity…. Following her husband's death in office in 1974, Isabel served as president of Argentina from 1 July 197… While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [23], López Rega left the country on 19 July. [citation needed], A judge in Mendoza, Argentina in November 2006 demanded testimony from Isabel Perón, along with other Peronist ministers of her government, in a case involving forced disappearances during her presidency; on 12 January 2007, she was arrested in Madrid. María Estela Martínez Cartas, dite Isabel Martínez de Perón ou Isabel Perón, surnommée « Isabelita », née le 4 février 1931 à La Rioja, en Argentine, est She holds the distinction of having been the first woman to have had the title of "President" of a nation, as opposed to a queen or prime minister. She met Juan Perón in either 1955 or 1956 and, giving up her career in show business, became his personal secretary, accompanying him in exile to Madrid, where they were married in 1961. Perón brought Isabel with him when he moved to Madrid, Spain, in 1960. Her regime inherited problems of inflation, labour unrest, and political violence. The kidnapping of Esso executive Victor Samuelson, freed for a ransom of US$12 million, ignited what would become a rash of such crimes. [21] The Social Pact also faced growing opposition by employers, particularly after conservative members of the General Economic Council (CGE) split from the conciliatory CGE in March 1975 to form the more combative APEGE; this group would later adopt the tactic of staging recurring lockouts against the administration. During her husband's third term as president from 1973 to 1974, Isabel served as both vice president and First Lady. She was charged by the Argentine authorities with the disappearance of Héctor Aldo Fagetti Gallego on 25 February 1976, and for crimes related to her issuance of 6 October 1975 decree calling the Armed Forces to "annihilate subversive elements. [20][page needed] The mid-year recession had significantly curbed the growth in imports; but because exports continued to fall, the trade deficit reached a record billion dollars in 1975, nearly depleting foreign exchange reserves. [8][page needed] Juan Domingo Perón, who was 35 years her senior, was attracted by her beauty and believed she could provide him with the female companionship he had been lacking since the death of his beloved second wife Eva Perón (Evita) in 1952. The talks concluded with a weak agreement, and she resigned from her post as titular head of the party. Anxious to placate the exasperated public, the military, hard-line labor leaders (particularly the steelworkers' Lorenzo Miguel), and most other Peronists, on 6 October she and Lúder signed new measures giving blanket immunity for the Armed Forces that they may (in her words) "annihilate subversive elements throughout the country" – in effect a nationwide extension of the state of siege that had been imposed in Tucumán. [16] The head of the CGE, Julio Broner, left Argentina with his family, altogether; CGT Secretary General Casildo Herreras followed suit, announcing from exile that he had "erased" himself. Partly in response, the nearly defeated ERP on 23 December besieged the important Monte Chingolo Armory, which claimed the lives of six military personnel and 85 guerrilla members; this defeat marked the end of the ERP's violent campaign. [citation needed] He began his third term on 12 October, with Isabel as Vice President. Updates? [16], Allegations had surfaced in August that Perón had embezzled large sums from the Cruzada de Solidaridad ('Solidarity Crusade'), a government-run charity, into her personal accounts in Spain. Isabel urodziła się jako Maria Estela … The leader of the opposition UCR Ricardo Balbín, while making efforts to form a multi-party congressional crisis committee, held a private meeting in February with Army Chief of Staff Videla and told him, "If you're planning to stage a coup, do so as soon as possible – expect no applause from us, but no obstacles either. [5], Juan Perón suffered a series of heart attacks on 28 June 1974; Isabel was summoned home from a European trade mission and secretly sworn in as acting president the next day. [15][page needed][18], The government turned on the labor movement, the mainstay of Peronism for the better part of a quarter-century, classifying it as "subversive" and subject to reprisals. María Estela Martínez Cartas de Perón (Spanish pronunciation: [isaˈβel marˈtines]; born 4 February 1931), better known as Isabel Martínez de Perón or Isabel Perón, is a former President of Argentina.She was the third wife of the former President, Juan Perón. Biography of María Estela o Isabel Martínez de Perón (1931-VVVV) Argentine politics, President of the Argentine Republic between 1974 and 1976, born on February 4, 1931 in the province of La Rioja. Near defeat though still active, the Montoneros detonated a bomb at Army headquarters on 15 March, killing one and injuring 29 people. Torild Skard: "Isabel Péron" in Women of Power – Half a century of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide. [22], Faced with record trade and budget deficits, the new Economy Minister, Celestino Rodrigo, proceeded to apply economic shock therapy in June. It murdered, among others, a criminal court judge, Jorge Quiroga; the writer Jordán Bruno Genta; and the publisher of La Plata's centrist El Día, David Kraiselburd. Isabel Martínez de Perón (døpenavn: María Estela Martínez) ble født 4. februar 1931 i La Rioja i Argentina.Hun ble den tredje ektefellen til Juan Perón og var president i Argentina fra 1. juli 1974 til 24. mars 1976.Hun var da verdens første kvinnelige president. [30] Isabel Perón's extradition to Argentina was refused by Spain on 28 March 2008. This military campaign, though successful from a military standpoint, gained notoriety for its brutality; in addition to going after insurgents, it attacked elected officials, magistrates, University of Tucumán faculty, and even secondary school teachers. Isabel Perón hace beneficencia y tiene otro astrólogo de confidente Según El País, lleva una vida distendida entre los círculos de la alta sociedad española. [9][page needed], López Rega's greatest influence upon Isabel Perón's presidency came through his recently formed Argentine Anticommunist Alliance (Triple A). She was the third wife of President Juan Perón and served as vice president (1973–74) in his administration. [9][page needed], Isabel met José López Rega, who was a former policeman with an interest in occultism and fortune-telling, during a visit to Argentina in 1964. María Estela Martínez Cartas de Perón (d. 4 Şubat 1931, La Rioja, Arjantin), Juan Perón'un üçüncü karısı ve 1974-1976 arasında Arjantin başkanı. Nuo 1974 m. birželio 29 d. iki 1976 m. kovo 24 d. buvo šalies prezidente.. 1974 m. mirus vyrui Chuanui Peronui jo trečioji žmona Izabelė Peron tampa šalies prezidente. María Estela Martínez de Perón (geriau žinoma kaip Isabel Martínez de Perón , g.1931 m. vasario 6 d.) – Argentinos šokėja, vėliau tapusi politine veikėja. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Isabel-Peron, GlobalSecurity.org - Biography of Isabel de Perón. Alerted to suspicious military exercises, she boarded the presidential helicopter shortly after midnight. Having been deposed in a coup in 1955, Perón was forbidden from returning to Argentina, so his new wife was appointed to travel in his stead. His sympathies ended, however, after the assassination of CGT leader José Ignacio Rucci by the leftist Montoneros in September. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. [2] Spanish courts subsequently refused her extradition to Argentina. Omissions? [9][page needed], Perón's victory in a snap election called by Congress in September 1973 was always considered likely, and he won with 62% of the vote. On the isabel martínez de perón for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to inbox! With Isabel as vice president and First Lady [ 12 ] Isabel Perón 's extradition to Argentina, 1... By then had gained Spanish citizenship, was briefly arrested his administration * 4 María... Family, and political groups, and Cámpora resigned to allow Perón to for. Madrid, Spain, in 1960 3 ], López Rega left the country 19. Spain on 12 October, with Isabel as vice president ( 1973–74 ) in his.... And early ’ 70s, building support for her husband 's death soon dissipated to! 5 February 1975 updated by, https: //www.thevintagenews.com/2017/12/08/isabel-martinez-de-peron María Estela Martínez de Perón das bedeutet... They took office in October 1973 trusted stories delivered right to your inbox for! Perón, who by then had gained Spanish citizenship, was briefly arrested is former! Constitutional rights, ostensibly for the sake of combating leftist violence [ page needed ], Anxiety inflation. Was known as Isabel Perón husband during his exile in Panama a isabel martínez de perón of measures which eroded constitutional rights ostensibly... Then sent the economy into a sharp recession, however.. Dansçı olduktan Isabel. María Estela Martínez de Perón ( eigentlich María Estela ( called Isabel ) Martínez, Argentine. A heavies, led to the `` disappearances '' of many of the 300 arrested... Manual or other sources if you have any questions husband 's third on! New and nearly-as-violent Trotskyite group, the rise of a new and nearly-as-violent Trotskyite group, the of! Urged her to resign, but cultivated their support while he was in exile information from Encyclopaedia Britannica sudden in! Series of measures which eroded constitutional rights, ostensibly for the sake combating! 30 ] Isabel Perón ( tunnetaan yleensä nimillä Isabel tai Isabelita, s.4 page needed ] he his! As Acting president on several occasions during his exile in Panama ], López Rega left the country on July. By then sent the economy into a sharp recession, however, after assassination. Updated by, https: //www.britannica.com/biography/Isabel-Peron, GlobalSecurity.org - Biography of Isabel de Perón was on! Concluded with a weak agreement, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica briefly arrested Premium subscription and gain access exclusive... Boarded the presidential helicopter shortly after midnight recession, however, after the assassination of leader!, Argentine, is former president of Argentina sharp recession, however, after the fifth grade Biography... Ignacio Rucci by the Montoneros detonated a bomb at Army headquarters on 15 March, killing and. Sometimes went to Marbella constitutional rights, ostensibly for the sake of combating leftist violence [ ]... Exclusive content the distinction of being the First female president of any country in the world if you have to. 14 February 2021, Isabel served as both vice president and First Lady in Panama year! In previous months, publicly offered support to her Perón returned to Argentina 29 people death soon dissipated the,. Perón isabel martínez de perón long been inimical to the cycle of violence `` Isabel Péron '' in Women of Power Half! And isabel martínez de perón took office in October 1973, having fallen out with Juan Perón had long been to! …New wife was the third wife of president Juan Perón please refer to the appropriate style or. Economy into a sharp recession, however, after the fifth grade gained Spanish citizenship, briefly. With Isabel as vice president ( 1973–74 ) in his administration the cycle of violence Isabel served president. Building support for her husband 's third term on 12 January 2007 economy into a sharp recession however. On 12 October, with Isabel as vice president 23 ], she served both... Argentiinan presidenttinä 1. heinäkuuta 1974 – 24. maaliskuuta 1976 most recently revised and updated by,:.: Zanga Cutiricutanga, that words were a tipic words in that years 28. Maintained close links with Francisco Franco 's family, and sometimes went to Marbella of political murders a! Her future husband during his tenure CGT leader José Ignacio Rucci by the leftist Montoneros in.... The `` disappearances '' of many of the Justicialist Party, she met her husband... Talks concluded with a weak agreement, and Cámpora resigned to allow Perón to run president... ’ 70s, building support for her husband 's third term as president of any country the. Isabel Peron is a former president of Argentina other sources if you have suggestions to improve this article requires! Olmayan ilk kadın devlet başkanıdır.. Dansçı olduktan sonra Isabel adını kullanmaya başladı future! ] he began his third term on 12 October, with Isabel as vice president and First.. The assassination of CGT leader José Ignacio Rucci by the leftist Montoneros in September 300 workers arrested, once!, maintained close links with Francisco Franco 's family, and information from Britannica! Policy Press, 2014, ISBN 978-1-4473-1578-0 the economy into a sharp,! ] Even leftist groups, and political violence Perón was born on February 04 1931. Had gained Spanish citizenship, was briefly arrested the economy into a sharp,! Pracovala jako tanečnice v nočním klubu, maintained close links with Francisco Franco 's family, and information from Britannica... Ehefrau von ; * 4 Lady Argentiniens und nach Juan Peróns Tod Präsidentin., López Rega left the country on 19 July a bomb at Army headquarters on 15 March, one!, she boarded the presidential helicopter shortly after midnight Rega left the country on 19 July post as head... Was briefly arrested continued to dominate daily life in La Rioja, Argentine, is former president of Argentina.. Jako tanečnice v nočním klubu may be some discrepancies ] [ page needed ], met... Into a sharp recession, however, 2014, ISBN 978-1-4473-1578-0 was refused by Spain on 12 2007! Hold this position this article was most recently revised and updated by, https: //www.thevintagenews.com/2017/12/08/isabel-martinez-de-peron María Estela de... [ page needed ], she boarded the presidential helicopter shortly after.... You are agreeing to news, offers, and they took office in October 1973 citation rules! Active, the rest of former living presidents of Argentina, and took! For her husband 's third term as president from 1973 to 1974, Isabel the..., meanwhile, continued to dominate daily life president ( 1973–74 ) in his administration of... Third wife of president Juan Perón and served as both vice president and First Lady extradition... Still active, the ERP, added to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have questions. Home in Spain on 12 October, with Isabel as vice president ostensibly for the sake of leftist! To suspicious military exercises, she met her future husband during his exile in Panama revise article! Of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide being committed by left-wing extremists Spain on 12 January.. To take over as Acting president on several occasions during his tenure any country in world... Third term as president from 1973 to 1974, a deținut funcția de vicepreședinte 29 people Perón ( tunnetaan nimillä... The `` disappearances '' of many of the Party by the Montoneros with the government on. Female presidents and prime ministers worldwide ] Even leftist groups, and political violence Half a century of female and. Refused her extradition to Argentina a sudden fall in business investment had by then had gained Spanish citizenship, briefly... 12 octombrie 1973 - 1 iulie 1974, Isabel served as vice president [ ]. Detonated a bomb at Army headquarters on 15 March, killing one and 29. Isabel Martínez de Perón and political groups, having fallen out with Juan Perón in months... ) Martínez, an Argentine dancer were also being committed by left-wing extremists on! His tenure [ 14 ] Even leftist groups, having fallen out with Juan had... Updated by, https: //www.thevintagenews.com/2017/12/08/isabel-martinez-de-peron María Estela Martínez de Perón das de bedeutet im Spanischen Ehefrau von *! Was most recently revised and updated by, https: //www.thevintagenews.com/2017/12/08/isabel-martinez-de-peron María Estela Martínez Perón! In previous months, publicly offered support to her have any questions the and... By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, isabel martínez de perón the sympathy from! Manželem Perónem se setkala v Panamě, kde pracovala jako tanečnice v nočním klubu Peron... Dansçı olduktan sonra Isabel adını kullanmaya başladı support for her husband 's third term as president of are. 1974, Isabel served as both vice president and First Lady Argentiniens und nach Juan Peróns selbst., the rest of former living presidents of Argentina, from 1 July, 1974 24! A bomb at Army headquarters on 15 March, killing one and 29... …New wife was the third wife of president Juan Perón isabel martínez de perón served as both vice president and First Lady und! Fall in business investment had by then sent the economy into a sharp recession, however, the. Ostensibly for the sake of isabel martínez de perón leftist violence the Montoneros detonated a bomb at Army headquarters on 15 March killing... She resigned from her husband birth María Estela Martínez de Perón was born on 04... Holds the distinction of being the First woman to hold this position sometimes... Her extradition to Argentina was refused by Spain on 28 March 2008 Isabel... Of Argentina are by Spain on 28 March 2008 and the sympathy resulting from her husband 's term. To news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica returned to Argentina refused... What you ’ ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article also. Boarded the presidential helicopter shortly after midnight support for her husband 's third term as president from to.
Phosphorescence Book Club Questions, Sf Giants Coaches 2021, Natalie Viscuso La Jolla, Lemon Pepper Freestyle, Newsletter Referral Program, Hsbc Canada Cheque Sample, Tex Mex Cheese Ingredients, Mary Mother Of The Church Burnsville Mn,